hemophilia Essay -- essays research papers

Hemophilia is a genetic exhaust disorder. People who have bleeders disease have a deficiency or an absence of a coagulation protein. A line of descent change state cipher is deficient or absent. Bleeding is roughly often into joints, such as the knee, elbow, or ankle, but bleeding can progress anywhere in the body. People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. The cruelty of hemophilia varies greatly. Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B argon the most common genetic bleeding disorders. Hemophilia A is observed in 80 percent of hemophiliacs and is a deficiency or absence of work out VIII. It can also be referred to as "classic" hemophilia. In the consequence most common, hemophilia B, factor IX is missing. This is also known as the "Christmas Disease" because of the surname of the first patient studied. Hemophilia was identified as early as biblical times. Doctors in medieval times were long-familiar with it as well. In 1803, a Philadelphia doctor published the first translation of hemophilia in the United States. But it was not until 30 long time later that hemophilia became widely recognized. Hemophilia later developed a reputation as the "royal disease" because it passed from Queen Victoria of England to her posterity throughout the royal houses of Europe. About eighty percent of all cases of hemophilia have an identifiable family history of the disease in other instances, it whitethorn be attributable to a extemporary mutation. Researchers recently discovered that the spontaneous mutation of the factor VIII gene in two children was out-of-pocket to the attachment of a foreign "jumping gene" that disrupted the blood-clotting major power of the factor VIII gene. Inheritance is controlled by a recessive sex-linked factor carried by the mother on the X chromosome. A luck of one in two exists that each boy born to a modal(prenominal) male and a carrier female result be hemophiliac and the same chance that each gir l of this union will be a carrier. Of the children of a hemophiliac male and a normal female, all the girls will be carriers and all the boys will be normal. Males cannot remove the disability, and female carriers are free of the disease. Conventional wisdom suggests that 1 in 10,000 males in the United States have hemophilia. However, increased research and focus, on bleeding disorders in general and on bleeding disorders in women specifically, suggest a shift in what... ...h factor VIII replacement therapy is best for them. Inhibitors are proteins called antibodies that are made by our immune system to defend us from harmful disease. When our immune system identifies a foreign centerfield, it makes antibodies that will specifically recognize that substance and destroy it. In some individuals with severe hemophilia, the factor VIII replacement therapy is identified as a foreign substance by their immune system. If this happens, their immune system will make antibodies against fa ctor VIII. These antibodies will inhibit the ability of the factor to work in the clotting process. The higher the antibody or inhibitor level, the more factor VIII replacement therapy it takes to cover the inhibition and produce clotting. This can complicate the cherishment of a bleed. The proficient news is that there are different types of therapies available to successfully treat most individuals who develop inhibitors. Work Cited Louis Levine, B.S., M.S.Ed., A.M., Ph.D. Professor, Department of Biology, City College of New York. "Hemophilia," Microsoft Encarta Online cyclopaedia 2000 http//encarta.msn.com 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.